Lung Cancer

PHILADELPHIA-The growing use of pulmonary cytology, and consequent increasing experience of cytopath-ologists, has raised the diagnostic accuracy of the five basic pulmonary cytology techniques, Nadia Al-Kaisi, MD, told Oncology News International in an interview after her workshop on the subject at the annual fall meeting of the American Society of Clinical Pathologists (ASCP) and College of American Pathologists (CAP).

Topotecan (Hycamtin) is a promising new topoisomerase I-targeting anticancer agent that first entered clinical trials in 1989 under National Cancer Institute sponsorship in collaboration with SmithKline Beecham. In 1996, it

Anthracycline antibiotic use is limited by cardiac toxicity. The risk factors are cumulative dose, radiation to the chest and mediastinum, age, and preexisting myocardial impairment. Dexrazoxane (Zinecard) can prevent

During the past 5 years, real strides have been made in the management of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The introduction of newer chemotherapeutic agents and novel treatment regimens is paving the way for marked improvements in both clinical outcomes and quality of life.

Paclitaxel (Taxol) and vinorelbine (Navelbine) are both microtubule toxins but with opposite mechanisms of action. Paclitaxel promotes the assembly of microtubules, whereas vinorelbine prevents microtuble assembly.

Data from North American clinical trials have shown that vinorelbine (Navelbine) is well tolerated when used as a single agent for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer, advanced breast cancer, or ovarian cancer. Myelosuppression is the primary dose-limiting toxicity.

Cisplatin (Platinol) has played a major role in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As a single agent, cisplatin has produced a response rate of approximately 21% in a large number of trials.

Chemotherapy has been shown to prolong survival in patients with stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, traditional cisplatin (Platinol)-containing regimens are associated with significant toxicity.

The past 5 years have witnessed an evolution in the management of unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the United States. Combined-modality treatment with chemotherapy plus irradiation has become the standard of care for stage III (locally advanced) disease. Most patients with stage IIIB disease and cytology-positive pleural effusion are now considered candidates for chemotherapy, as are those with stage IV disease.

Newer chemotherapy drugs have shown encouraging activity in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Based on these improved outcomes, as well as the high rate of distant relapse in patients with locally advanced disease, several recent studies have evaluated the use of systemic therapy in patients with earlier-stage disease.

Randomized trials in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have demonstrated that the combination of vinorelbine (Navelbine) and cisplatin

Two large-scale, randomized, phase III trials have offered new information on the response rates, survival benefits, and safety profile of vinorelbine (Navelbine) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In a multicenter, European trial, the response rate was significantly higher with vinorelbine/cisplatin (Platinol) than with vindesine (Eldisine)/cisplatin (P < .02) or vinorelbine alone (P < .001).

DUBLIN-A new diagnostic strategy using fluorescence bronchoscopy has proven six times more sensitive than white-light bronchoscopy alone in picking up preinvasive lung lesions, Stephen Lam, MD, of the University of British Columbia, reported at the 8th World Conference on Lung Cancer.

DUBLIN-Two metaanalyses have pointed to small but clear-cut survival gains for patients with inoperable locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who receive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Now, a randomized phase III Japanese study indicates that response rates are higher and survival longer when the two therapeutic modalities are given concurrently rather than sequentially.

DUBLIN-Preliminary results suggest that the use of single-agent topotecan (Hycamtin) as second-line therapy for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) in patients who failed after an initial response to first-line therapy provides efficacy similar to that of the commonly used regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and vincristine (CAV).

DUBLIN-Harnessing MIC chemotherapy to radiotherapy is more effective than radiotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to the findings of a multicenter randomized UK trial reported at the 8th World Conference on Lung Cancer.

DUBLIN-The question of whether patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) would live longer if they underwent chemotherapy prior to surgical resection would appear to be yes, based on two randomized trials reported in 1994.

DUBLIN-The shift from histologic classification to molecular analysis of bronchial epithelial cells is opening up new prospects for detecting the molecular signature of lung cancer before the disease becomes clinically evident, James L. Mulshine, MD, of the National Cancer Institute, said at the 8th World Conference on Lung Cancer.

BETHESDA, Md-The Food and Drug Administration’s Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) has recommended approval of QLT Photo-Therapeutics’ Photofrin (porfimer sodium) for use as photodynamic therapy (PDT) of T1 stage endobronchial carcinoma in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for whom surgery and radiotherapy are not indicated.

Breast cancer is second only to lung cancer as a leading cause of cancer mortality in women. In women with metastatic, hence, essentially incurable disease, we strive to find effective chemotherapeutic regimens that offer a

Given that no therapeutic methods of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer have been established, we selected UFT (tegafur and uracil) for investigation because UFT is less injurious to the host

A single-institution phase II study indicated that combination chemotherapy using UFT (tegafur and uracil) plus cisplatin (Platinol) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer was active with less host toxicity than other cisplatin-

The article by O'Donovan discusses the radiologic appearance of lung cancer, with particular emphasis on the radiographic appearance and work-up of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs).

NEW YORK-Today’s treatments for lung cancer are much better tolerated than treatments used 20 years ago, Robert Ginsberg, MD, chief of the Thoracic Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, said at an NIH video satellite symposium beamed to 20 selected centers nationwide.

It should be noted that the most common presentation of asymptomatic lung cancer is indeed a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN), but for most symptomatic lung cancers the nodule is at least 3 cm in diameter at the time of initial diagnosis. The author does a good job of providing documentation to refute one of his critical hypotheses, which indicates that "neoplasm can often be strongly suspected or excluded based on the radiologic characteristics of the single pulmonary nodule."

Treatment of patients with unresectable stage IIIA and IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer with conventionally-fractionated radiation therapy (ie, total doses of 50 to 60 Gy, using one fraction per day), which was standard

Better efficacy of chemotherapy for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has not been convincingly demonstrated despite many investigations examining increased drug

The objectives of this review are to provide an update and perspectives on the use of induction therapy (chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy) followed by surgery in two subgroups of patients with stage III non-

It is now established that the treatment of choice for limited small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) in the United States, Canada, and Japan is thoracic radiotherapy (TRT)

A solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is the most common radiographic presentation of lung cancer. The imaging characteristics of solitary pulmonary nodules are described and illustrated. The appearance and implications of