Thyroid Cancer

Results of a phase II study indicated that the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib was active in patients with BRAF V600E–mutated papillary thyroid cancer who were refractory to radioactive iodine.

Radioguided sentinel lymph node biopsy detected occult cervical lymph node metastases in about one-half of patients with thyroid nodules suspicious for papillary thyroid carcinoma, altering the management of their disease.

The multi-target RTK inhibitor anlotinib yielded a high response rate and was well tolerated in patients with advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma.

The addition of lenalidomide to cediranib failed to improve progression-free survival outcomes in patients with iodine 131–refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.

This management guide of endocrine malignancies covers the risk factors, diagnosis, screening, and treatment of both thyroid and parathyroid cancers.

Selumetinib has received Orphan Drug Designation status by the US Food and Drug Administration to be used as an adjuvant treatment in patients with stage III or IV differentiated thyroid cancer.

A new study is calling for a change in name for certain thyroid tumors. Patients diagnosed with what is currently known as noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma have a very low risk for recurrence and therefore, researchers have suggested renaming the condition.

Despite a large increase in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer during the last few decades, a new study indicates that thyroid cancer incidence may be leveling off.

Thyroid lesions identified in pediatric patients were often found to have one of the molecular abnormalities commonly seen in adults with thyroid lesions.

Researchers have identified several characteristics of metastatic papillary thyroid cancer shown on preoperative ultrasound-such as node matting-that are associated with extranodal extension, an important prognostic factor linked with this disease.

A retrospective cohort study showed that body mass index and body surface area are predictive of certain behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

An increased rate of adverse effects is seen in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who are being treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib.

The use of a standard yearly physical examination to screen for thyroid cancer among high-risk survivors of childhood and young adult cancers resulted in a negative predictive value of 100% for clinically relevant thyroid cancer and a significant cost savings compared with regular ultrasound screening.

Survivors of thyroid cancer are at an increased risk for developing a second cancer, according to the results of a recently published study.

Regular ultrasound surveillance of the thyroid revealed that about 7% of adult childhood cancer survivors who had radiation to the head or neck subsequently developed thyroid cancer.

Researchers identified a novel gene that may predispose individuals to Cowden syndrome, an inherited condition that carries an especially high risk for various epithelial cancers and especially thyroid cancer.

The overall risk of developing a second primary thyroid or breast tumor is higher in patients with prior breast or thyroid cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is looking increasingly plausible as a potential investigative strategy for treating thyroid cancers.

The coexistence of mutations in telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and BRAF genes dramatically increases the risk of thyroid cancer aggressiveness, tumor recurrence and thyroid cancer-specific deaths.

Researchers in Germany appear to have identified a gene-expression signature associated with metastasis in sporadic medullary thyroid cancer and prognostic molecular tumor markers of medullary thyroid cancer response to vandetanib therapy.

New ATA Guidelines offer clear and welcome guidance against routine post-thyroidectomy remnant tumor ablation with radioactive iodine, agreed experts at the 85th Annual Meeting of the ATA.

For patients who can tolerate aggressive multimodal therapy for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, survival rates can exceed historical outcomes, according to a retrospective study of patients treated at the Mayo Clinic.

It is too soon to determine the influence of radiation exposure on thyroid cancer risk among children and adolescents exposed to the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant disaster in Japan, according to the lead author of findings presented at the 85th Annual Meeting of the ATA.

Release of newly revised, evidence-based clinical management guidelines for thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancers were announced at the 85th Annual Meeting of the ATA.

A new study has found an excess of thyroid cancer cases among children and adolescents who live near the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant.

Papillary thyroid cancer patients at intermediate risk according to guidelines can be reclassified as low risk when postoperative stimulated thyroglobulin is low.

Overweight and obesity are associated with the risk for thyroid cancer. Relations between BMI and cancer risk showed some variation based on tumor histologic type.

A population-based study in Minnesota showed that a recent rapid rise in the incidence of thyroid cancer is attributable to the increased diagnosis of clinically occult, subclinical lesions.

Survivors of thyroid cancer had a higher risk of unemployment at 2 years post-diagnosis and decreased income at both 2 and 4 years, according to the results of a study.

The presence of cervical lymph node metastases was associated with compromised survival even in younger patients with papillary thyroid cancer.