Explore the evolving landscape of cancer treatment strategies, focusing on guideline-based management and the impact of multimodal approaches on patient outcomes.
The discussion begins with a review of guideline based management using European and U.S. recommendations as a framework. The panel outlines how treatment strategies differ based on stage, from endoscopic resection or primary surgery for very early disease to multimodality approaches for more advanced cases. The segment highlights the role of perioperative chemotherapy, with particular attention to how a FLOT based regimen became the standard backbone after demonstrating improvements in resection rates, pathologic response, and overall survival in clinical trials. The conversation also touches on practical differences in surgical philosophy, including expectations around lymph node dissection and resection margins in high volume centers. This segment establishes the key concepts and treatment pathways that inform subsequent discussion of evolving perioperative strategies, including integration of systemic therapy, surgery, and multidisciplinary decision making.