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UFT/Oral Calcium Folinate Plus Weekly Paclitaxel for Metastatic Breast CancerPaclitaxel (Taxol) is one of the most active drugs in the treatment of ovarian and breast cancers. Combination therapy with paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) exhibits high activity in anthracycline-pretreated breast cancer,
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Commentary (Golshan/Iglehart): Surgical Management of Hepatic Breast Cancer MetastasesIn general, surgery has no role inthe curative treatment of metastaticbreast cancer. Metastatic breastcancer is considered incurable, associatedwith an average survival of 18 to24 months. Certain factors such as hormone-receptor negativity, HER2/neupositivedisease, and a short disease-freeinterval portend a poor prognosis. Theliver is not usually a site of initialfailure-less than 15% of patients fitthis pattern.[1] Even fewer are candidatesfor surgical resection due toextrahepatic disease. Eventually, overhalf of all patients with metastatic diseasewill have liver metastasis duringtheir clinical course.
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Transplant Registries: Guiding Clinical Decisions and Improving OutcomesAbout 50,000 hematopoietic stem cell transplantations are performed yearly, primarily for malignancies. Use of this therapy increased dramatically over the past 30 years due to its proven and potential efficacy in diverse
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Docetaxel vs Mitomycin Plus Vinblastine in Anthracycline-Resistant Metastatic Breast CancerThis nonblinded, multicenter, randomized phase III study compares the median time to progression (primary endpoint), response rate, and quality of life, safety, and survival of
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Docetaxel vs Mitomycin Plus Vinblastine in Anthracycline-Resistant Metastatic Breast CancerThis nonblinded, multicenter, randomized phase III study compares the median time to progression (primary endpoint), response rate, and quality of life, safety, and survival of
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2 Cycles of ABVD Plus Radiotherapy Is More Effective Than Radiotherapy Alone in Early Stage HD-Interim Ahan Radiotherapy Alone in Early Stage HD-Interim Analysis of the HD7 Trial of the GHSG Clinic of Internal Medicine I University of Cologne/GermanyBACKGROUND: Extended-field radiotherapy is effective in patients with early-stage Hodgkin’s disease, and more than
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Monoclonal Antibodies That Mimic the Action of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Can Inhibit Immune ThrombocytopeniaIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is prepared from large pools of plasma from healthy donors and is widely used to treat autoimmune diseases, especially immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Human polyclonal antierythrocyte antibodies, such as anti-D, can also be effective at treating ITP in individuals expressing the appropriate antigen. The demand for IVIG and anti-D exceeds the supply, and the development of a recombinant product to replace these human-derived blood products would be highly desirable. We have hypothesized that monoclonal antibodies directed against red cells may be effective in inhibiting immune forms of thrombocytopenia.
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Thalidomide-Induced Cessation of Weight Loss and Improved Sleep in Advanced Cancer Patients With CachexiaThe cachexia of malignancy is considered mediated through excess production of tumor necrosis factor–alpha and other cytokines. Thalidomide (Thalomid), a sedative/hypnotic, has been shown to inhibit tumor necrosis factor–alpha production.
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Commentary (Spector): Management of Congenital Vascular Lesions of the Head and NeckIn this issue of ONCOLOGY, Waner and Suen review their classification and treatment of congenital vascular lesions of the face and neck region. Certainly, from a therapeutic perspective, this is a nice summary of the state of the art of treatment modalities. The uses of surgery, phototherapy, laser ablation, and other modalities (eg, intralesional injection, steroids, embolization, and interferon) are summarized adequately for the general practitioner. The main focus is on cosmesis, with only little attention paid to the life-threatening conditions of intracranial vascular malformations (Figure 1) and massive head and neck vascular lesions (Figure 2).
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Chemotherapy for Brain TumorsTraditionally, cytotoxic drugs have played a limited role in the treatment of brain tumors, but important advances in chemotherapy have occurred during the past decade. Certain central nervous system (CNS) malignancies are
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Cost-Effectiveness of Rituximab in Treatment of Diffuse Large B-Cell LymphomaRituximab (Rituxan), when combined with CHOP (cyclophosphamide [Cytoxan, Neosar], doxorubicin HCl, vincristine [Oncovin], prednisone) chemotherapy (R-CHOP) in the treatment of patients with CD20-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL), significantly prolongs event-free and overall survival (GELA [Groupe d’Etude des Lymphomes de l’Adulte] LNH 98-5 study). Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of R-CHOP based on the evidence currently available.
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Novel Approaches in the Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung CancerA wealth of data indicates that certain genetic abnormalities can target specific cytotoxic drugs and intervene at an early step as a mechanism of resistance in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. Therefore prescribing
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Consolidation TherapyWe previously reported the efficacy of concurrent cisplatin (Platinol)/etoposide (PE) and radiotherapy in stage IIIB non–small-cell lung cancer in which biopsy confirmation of T4 (noneffusion) or N3 status was required (S9019). In view of the activity of docetaxel (Taxotere) as second-line therapy and potential molecular mechanisms of action favoring taxane sequencing, we designed the present study to maintain a core of concurrent PE/radiotherapy, but to substitute docetaxel consolidation for the two additional cycles of PE.
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Radiotherapy Versis Chemotherapy as ConsolidativeTreatment for Stage IIIB-IV Hodgkin’s Disease in First Complete Remission or Good Partial Response: A Study of 559 Patients (H89 Protocol)The role of radiotherapy in combination with chemotherapy in advanced-stage Hodgkin’s disease remains controversial.
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Efficiency of In Vivo Purging With Rituximab Followed by High-Dose Therapy With Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas: A Single-Institution StudyHigh-dose therapy (HDT) with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is a treatment option for patients with advanced follicular, marginal, and mantle cell lymphoma. In this setting, frequent contamination of peripheral blood stem cell harvests by
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Neoadjuvant Therapy With Cisplatin/Fluorouracil vs Cisplatin/UFT in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Head and Neck CancerThis study compared the activity and toxicity of fluorouracil (5-FU)/cisplatin with the combination tegafur and uracil (UFT)/cisplatin in the neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced-stage III or IV (M0)-head and neck
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Ibritumomab Tiuxetan Radioimmunotherapy Is Safe and Well Tolerated in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s LymphomaIbritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin) consists of an anti-CD20 murine IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody covalently bound to tiuxetan (MX-DTPA), which stably chelates yttrium-90 for therapy. Ibritumomab tiuxetan therapy involves pretreatment with
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One Moment in ResearchRecently, I was approached by one of my Texas colleagues and asked if I could help out with some legislation before the Texas state Senate. The bill (HJR90), which would authorize $3 billion for cancer prevention and research over the next 10 years, had passed the Texas House of Representatives, and was currently "in process" in the state Senate.
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Iodine-131 Tositumomab for Patients With Low-Grade or Transformed Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Complete Response DataTositumomab/iodine-131 tositumomab (Bexxar) is a radioimmunotherapeutic agent in development for patients with low-grade or transformed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). This analysis focuses
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Pancreatic Cancer Surgical Practice GuidelinesThe Society of Surgical Oncology surgical practice guidelines focus on the signs and symptoms of primary cancer, timely evaluation of the symptomatic patient, appropriate preoperative extent of disease evaluation, and role of the surgeon in
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Efficiency of In Vivo Purging With Rituximab Followed by High-Dose Therapy With Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation in B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas: A Single-Institution StudyHigh-dose therapy (HDT) with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is a treatment option for patients with advanced follicular, marginal, and mantle cell lymphoma. In this setting, frequent contamination of peripheral blood stem cell harvests by
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European Experience With Irinotecan Plus Fluorouracil/Folinic Acid or MitomycinTremendous progress has been made in the medical treatment of advanced colorectal cancer during the past 2 to 3 years, due to the availability of several new drugs. Of these new agents, irinotecan (CPT-11 [Camptosar]) seems
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Iodine-131 Tositumomab for Patients With Low-Grade or Transformed Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Complete Response DataTositumomab/iodine-131 tositumomab (Bexxar) is a radioimmunotherapeutic agent in development for patients with low-grade or transformed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). This analysis focuses
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Irinotecan and Paclitaxel in Metastatic Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and Gastric CardiaBoth irinotecan (CPT-11, Camptosar) and paclitaxel have beenshown to have single-agent activity in adenocarcinomas of the esophagusand gastric cardia. A phase I trial of the combination at UCLAestablished the dose as irinotecan at 225 mg/m2 and paclitaxel at100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. Preliminary data from a phase II trial of thisregimen in adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction showgood tolerability and promising activity (response rate of 27%), even inA previously treated patients.
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Response of the Normal Eye to High Dose Radiotherapyhis excellent review analyzes ophthalmologic complications following high-dose irradiation of the orbit and surrounding structures as a necessary adjunct to the treatment of patients with carcinomas of the head and neck region. It confirms the critical importance of dose-fraction size in the production of radiation complications, especially in nerve tissue.
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Nonpalpable Intratesticular Mass in a Young Man With a History of Contralateral Retractile TestisA 24-year-old otherwise healthy man with a history of retractile right testicle managed with right orchidopexy at age 9 presented with a several weeks’ history of discomfort in the left testicle. He has no family history of testicular cancer.
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Neoadjuvant Therapy With Cisplatin/Fluorouracil vs Cisplatin/UFT in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Head and Neck CancerThis study compared the activity and toxicity of fluorouracil (5-FU)/cisplatin with the combination tegafur and uracil (UFT)/cisplatin in the neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced-stage III or IV (M0)-head and neck
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Cancer Information on the InternetThis appendix highlights selected websites that are developed especially for oncology professionals, researchers, and patients with cancer.
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Initial Control of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Patient Quality of LifeThe side effects commonly experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of cancer can challenge many aspects of daily life. Nausea and vomiting, the most common side effects reported by patients, affect the ability to continue with usual life activities and, thus have a pronounced impact on quality of life.
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Treating Older Patients With Ovarian Cancer: Another PerspectiveDr. Piver presents a personal look at the issues he believes to be important in managing ovarian carcinoma in the elderly patient. He begins with an attempt to define elderly.
