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Efstathios Kastritis, MD, on Main Takeaways From Trial Examining Daratumumab Plus VCd to Treat AL AmyloidosisHematologic responses improved for patients treated with daratumumab plus VCd versus VCd alone in the ANDROMEDA trial.
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Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Is There a Standard Therapy?For more than 25 years, chemotherapy has been the cornerstone of treatment for small-cell lung cancer. Many studies have tested a wide variety of drugs in different combinations, resulting in a number of standard
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Imaging Prostate Cancer: Current and Future ApplicationsVarious treatment options are available for adenocarcinoma of the prostate-the most common malignant neoplasm among men in the United States. To select an optimum management strategy, we must be able to identify an organ-confined disease (in which local therapy such as surgery or radiation may be beneficial) vs prostate cancer beyond the confines of the gland (for which other treatment approaches may be more appropriate). At present, no standard imaging modality can by itself reliably diagnose and/or stage adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Standard transrectal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography, bone scans, and plain x-ray are not sufficiently reliable when used alone. Fortunately, advances in imaging technology have led to the development of several promising modalities. These modalities include color and power Doppler ultrasonography, ultrasound contrast agents, intermittent and harmonic ultrasound imaging, MR contrast imaging, MRI with fat suppression, MRI spectroscopy, three-dimensional MRI spectroscopy, elastography, and radioimmunoscintigraphy. These newer imaging techniques appear to improve the yield of prostate cancer detection and staging, but are limited in availability and thus require further validation. This article reviews the status of current imaging modalities for prostate cancer and identifies emerging imaging technologies that may improve the diagnosis and staging of this disease. [ONCOLOGY 15(3):325-342, 2001]
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TKI Discontinuation Possible for Some CML PatientsAhead of the 2017 ASCO Annual Meeting, we discuss the discontinuation of TKIs in some chronic myeloid leukemia patients.
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Quality of Life After Radiation Therapy for Base of Tongue CancerThe article by Moore provides an example of much needed research evaluating clinical outcomes in head and neck oncology. Measuring the quality of life (QOL) of patients with head and neck cancer presents some unique challenges. First, head and neck cancer profoundly influences some of the most fundamental functions of life, including breathing, eating, and communication. Second, treatment of head and neck cancer does not always improve these functional deficits, and in many instances, the treatment itself results in further deterioration of these functions. Finally, "traditional" outcome measures (disease-free survival, overall survival, local and regional control, response rates) do not adequately assess the global impact of this disease and/or its treatment on patients' perception of life satisfaction.
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Clarifying the Use of Ruxolitinib in Patients With MyelofibrosisIn this article, we provide updated data on ruxolitinib therapy for patients with myelofibrosis and offer expert opinion on the appropriate use of this agent in the community practice.
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Pituitary Adenomas: Current Methods of Diagnosis and TreatmentIn a well-written and focused article, Drs. Buatti and Marcus review the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary adenomas.
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Challenges in the Modern Treatment of Muscle-Invasive Bladder CancerStill missing in our treatment of bladder cancer are the tools to accurately predict response to a specific therapy, whether it be chemotherapy, radiation, or transurethral resection alone. Once we have these tools, we will be well on our way to applying a more intelligent, true personalized medicine approach to the treatment of this disease.
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Starting at the Front Line in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer As New Options Emerge, How Do You Select and Sequence?Experts in gastrointestinal cancer focus on frontline therapy options for patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Apoptosis and Response to Radiation: Implications for Radiation TherapyQuantitative radiation biology was revolutionized in 1956 when Puck and Marcus published the first cell survival curve, relating radiation dose to the fraction of cells surviving.[1] The term "survival" generated a great deal of discussion at that time and led to the definition of such terms as "reproductive death," "reproductive integrity," and "clonogenicity" (among others), all designed to explain that the end point of cell culture experiments is the loss of the cell's ability to divide indefinitely and produce a sizable visible clone.
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Combination Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer: Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, UFT, and TamoxifenWe evaluated combination therapy for advanced and recurrent breast cancer with cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), doxorubicin (Adriamycin), uracil and tegafur (UFT), and tamoxifen (Nolvadex) (CAUT), designed as
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Commentary (Stanford/Ostrander): Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment ProgramBruner et al describe a model for risk assessment and genetic counseling of individuals and families at increased risk for prostate cancer. This model includes the establishment of a prostate cancer risk registry and screening clinic for unaffected
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Hypofractionation for Breast Cancer: Lessons Learned From Our Neighbors to the North and Across the PondIn this review we discuss the rationale and underlying radiobiologic concepts for hypofractionation, and review the clinical trials and ASTRO guidelines supporting hypofractionated radiation in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Hereditary Renal Tumor Syndromes and the Use of mTOR InhibitorsA 47-year-old woman with a history of drug-resistant epilepsy during childhood presented to the emergency department with sudden dyspnea and chest pain. Upon admission, her oxygen saturation was 88%.
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ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Ductal Carcinoma in SituManagement of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) commonly involves excision, radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy. Radiotherapy is employed for local control in breast conservation. Evidence is evolving for several radiotherapy techniques exist beyond standard whole-breast irradiation.
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Can Locoregional Therapies Be Used in Metastatic Gastroesophageal Cancers?As part of our coverage of the 2018 GI Cancers Symposium, we discussed the role of locoregional therapies for patients with metastatic esophageal and gastric cancers.
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Using Genetic Testing to Help Prevent Colon CancerIn this interview we discuss the role of genetic testing in patients with colon cancer.
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Approaching Use of CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Metastatic HR+, HER2- Breast CancerAn otherwise healthy 58-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer presents to the clinic with newly diagnosed metastatic disease; eventual abdominal CT showed a mass in the transverse colon with ascites and peritoneal nodularity. What is the best initial systemic treatment for her?
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Further Thoughts on Adjuvant Treatment for Older Breast Cancer PatientsThe adjuvant treatment of breast cancer is facing a challenging phase due to the increasing knowledge of breast cancer biology and consequent need to personalize treatments. Medical oncologists are asked to practice evidence-based medicine, but their approach is often based on results of trials conducted in extremely heterogeneous populations.
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Seeing Red: Anthracyclines for Breast CancerDr. Henderson provides a thoughtful perspective on an important question that many clinicians often consider: can we ditch anthracyclines in favor of other, more effective and/or less toxic chemotherapeutic agents?
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Efstathiou Discusses Impact of Niraparib Combo From MAGNITUDE in mCRPCEleni Efstathiou, MD, PhD, spoke about how results of the phase 3 MAGNITUDE trial, which examined the combination of niraparib with abiraterone acetate and prednisone, have the ability to change the standard of care in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Implications of the New Face of Head and Neck CancerAlthough screening methods for HPV-OPSCC have not yet been developed, population-based prevention may be achievable through HPV vaccination, but only if concerted efforts are made to increase vaccine uptake in the United States.
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A Clinician’s Perspective on ASCO 2001: Going After the Epidermal Growth Factor ReceptorAmong the most exciting new anticancer products presented at the 2001 ASCO meeting were new drugs that block the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). About 30% to 90% of carcinomas express high levels of EGFR. These include, among others, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and bladder cancer.
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How to Address Sexual Problems in Female Cancer PatientsSexual health is an important aspect of human life, and cancer does not (and should not) change that. Data suggest that issues related to sexual function are quite common among women treated for cancer. However, clinicians often spend little to no time on the topic.
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Endocrine Therapy for Premenopausal Hormone-Responsive Breast Cancer: What Is the Optimal Therapy?The breast cancer treatment landscape is changing, and the optimal adjuvant endocrine therapy for premenopausal women with hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer is uncertain.
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Clinical Uses of RadiosurgeryRadiosurgery uses stereotactic targeting methods to precisely deliver highly focused, large doses of radiation to small intracranial tumors and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). This article reviews the most common
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Recent Advances in Hormonal Therapy for Advanced Prostate CancerFor many years, prostate cancerhas been known to be sensitiveto androgens. Indeed, endocrinemanipulations aimed at the reductionof serum testosterone to below oraround the castrate range have beenthe mainstay in the management ofadvanced prostate cancer for the past60 years. Despite widespread testing,the advances with this treatment modalityfor prostate cancer over the pastseveral decades have been modest.Unfortunately, the answers to manyrelevant critical questions still lie inthe future. The limiting factor of hormonaltherapy is that a significant proportionof tumor cells are not affectedby androgen deprivation.
