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Radiosurgery plus the radiation sensitizer etanidazole is being evaluated in a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trial (RTOG 95-02) as a treatment for recurrent or persistent brain tumors or metastases.

PARIS--Worldwide, some 50 clinical trials involving up to 1,000 patients are now attempting to define the clinical utility of angiogenesis inhibitors in reining in micrometastases. The rationale for such "dormancy therapy" lies in a hypothesis formulated by Judah Folkman, MD, of Harvard.

During the 1980s, HIV infection emerged as a leading cause of death in the United States. In 1993, HIV infections became the most important cause of death among persons age 25 to 44 years. This report updates national trends in deaths caused by HIV infection in 1994.

BETHESDA, Md--The National Cancer Institute and the Department of Defense (DOD) have signed an in-teragency agreement that gives the 8.3 million beneficiaries of TRICARE/CHAMPUS, the DOD's health program, access to NCI-sponsored clinical treatment trials. About 12,000 of the DOD beneficiaries are diagnosed with cancer each year.

BETHESDA, Md--The number one priority for the NCI is to use its new budget for fiscal 1996 to "maintain the engine of discovery," by increasing funding for extramural, investigator-initiated research, NCI director Richard D. Klausner said at a meeting of the National Cancer Advisory Board (NCAB). The new $2.25 billion budget represents a 5.5% increase from 1995, he said.

The treatment of childhood leukemias and lymphomas is one of modern oncology's major success stories. Today, 80% to 85% of childhood cancer patients grow up free of their disease. But the very treatment that, in most cases, cured these young patients leaves many of them at risk for other problems later in life.

PHILADELPHIA--Two highlights of the 1996 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) meeting (to be held May 18-21 in Philadelphia) will be the integrated symposia, ASCO president John Glick said in an interview. Dr. Glick, of the University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center, said that the innovative symposia will integrate educational material and state-of-the-art abstracts.

For the oncology profession, the transition period to managed care will mean new relationships with other providers, some loss of control over patient care, and the need for practice and ethical guidelines, concluded panelists participating in a session on managed care at the Association of Community Cancer Centers' 1995 Oncology Symposium.

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) represents a significant, perhaps neglected, complication of unrelated bone marrow transplantation, stated Daniel Weisdorf, MD, Professor of Medicine at the University of Minnesota, and Associate Director of the Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Program, at a symposium on "Clinical Issues in Unrelated Marrow Transplantation" held in association with the recent meeting of the American Society of Hematology. Prolonged immunocompromise is an additional hazard to recipients of unrelated bone marrow transplants.

FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla--The most difficult part of the guidelines process is implementation--getting physicians, nurses, and administrators to "buy in" to the process, Gale Katterhagen, MD, said at the first annual conference of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), a coalition of major cancer centers currently in the process of developing guidelines for its members.

Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) show promise as a prognostic as well as therapeutic tool in some minimal residual cancers, said Gert Riethmüller, MD, of the University of Munich's Institute for Immunology.

NEW YORK--Henry T. Lynch, MD, whose pioneering work during the 1960s and '70s helped establish the hereditary basis of certain gastrointestinal, breast, and ovarian cancers, is the recipient of the 19th annual Bristol-Myers Squibb Award for Distinguished Achievement in Cancer Research. Thanks in large part to Dr. Lynch, the specific genetic mutations responsible for a number of familial cancers have been identified.

BETHESDA, Md--The PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board held its March meeting in Milan, Italy, so that an international audience could observe how the board reviews recently published literature to determine if changes should be made in the information in PDQ. The experience is expected to aid the European oncology community in developing its own database, known as START (State-of-the-Art Oncology in Europe).

FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla--Unlike the piecemeal development of clinical practice guidelines in the United States--by individual institutions, networks, or managed care plans--in Canada, guidelines development is a provincial effort, with the resulting product applying to all oncologists in the province, Mark Levine, MD, said at the first annual conference of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN).

FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla--Interest in neurotoxins derived from marine cone snails has led to development of a calcium-channel blocking agent that could potentially be used as an alternative to opioid analgesics for patients with cancer pain. Early clinical studies with the agent (SNX-111, being developed by Neurex Corporation, Menlo Park, Calif) have found it to be more potent than morphine and free of opioid side effects, Richard W. Tsien, DPhil, said at a conference on gene technology organized by the University Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Foundation, Inc. and Bio/Technology Magazine.

HOUSTON--The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center will hold its second medical oncology conference in Spanish on May 22-24, 1996. The educational conference will bring together physicians from Spain and Latin American with the M.D. Anderson faculty, said Richard Pazdur, MD, associate professor of medicine and co-director of the conference along with Alejandro Preti, MD, assistant professor of medicine.

The use of antibodies as immunodelivery systems is still in its infancy, Sydney Welt, MD, said at a symposium on Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer Therapy, sponsored by the Cancer Research Institute.

Efforts to improve the rate of remission and reduce the risk of relapse in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies are focusing on interleukin-2 (IL-2, aldesleukin, Proleukin), said Alexander Fefer, MD, of the University of Washington Medical School and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle.

SEATTLE--All of the government manipulations of the US health-care system will have little impact on the more potent forces--demographic, social, scientific, cultural, moral, and legal--that shape the American way of health and fuel its cost, says former Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare Joseph A. Califano, Jr.

FORT LAUDERDALE--Attendees at the first annual conference of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) were enthusiastic about the presentation of the Network's preliminary guidelines for eight different cancers, calling the meeting "excellent," "informative," and "the first comprehensive effort at devising guidelines we can all live by."

FORT LAUDERDALE--Evaluations of new treatments using traditional endpoints such as response or survival may not be appropriate in advanced solid tumors that are highly symptomatic but essentially incurable, Howard A. Burris III, MD, said at the National Comprehensive Cancer Network conference.

An experimental approach combining immunotherapy with conventional chemotherapy may succeed in delivering a "one-two punch" to many common tumors of epithelial origin.

Today, the US health-care system is being driven by a desire to contain escalating health-care expenditures. Oncology has not been spared, and the cancer burden on this country is great in terms of monetary costs as well as human morbidity and mortality.

As managed care grows, oncologists will have to decide who to "bond" with, then learn how to develop financially sound contracts with their new partners, Lee E. Mortenson, DPA, said at the 1995 Oncology Symposium of the Association of Community Cancer Centers (ACCC).

WASHINGTON--As managed care health plans continue to proliferate, the need has increased for ways to differentiate and compare plans, and give purchasers and consumers information on which to base decisions about medical coverage.

In the 30 years since the first Surgeon General's report, progress has been made in educating the public about the dangers of tobacco use.

FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla--Rather than increasing the number of medical liability cases, good practice guidelines should actually decrease the number of lawsuits, particularly frivolous ones, Frances H. Miller told attendees at the first annual conference of the NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network). The meeting served as a showcase for the Network's preliminary practice guidelines for eight different cancers.

Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) trial 93-05 started slowly, but is now accruing on target, enrolling three patients per month, says Dr. Luis Souhami, chair of the study. To date, 40 patients are enrolled in the study.

BETHESDA, Md--Data on a single slide presented in November, 1994, led quickly to a key change in the hormone arm of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), sponsored by the National Institutes of Health.

PARIS--Perfusion of an isolated limb with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- alpha and melphalan (Alkeran) can avoid amputation in more than 80% of patients with nonresectable soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities, Alexander Eggermont, MD, PhD, reported at the Sixth International Congress on Anti-Cancer Treatment (ICACT).