Lymphoma

Treatment with gemtuzumab ozogamicin improved the event-free survival in children and adolescents with acute myeloid leukemia by reducing the risk of relapse among those able to achieve remission, according to trial results presented at the 2013 ASH meeting.

Ponatinib showed significant antileukemic activity in patients with CML and ALL, according to a phase II study that included a wide range of disease stages and mutation status; patients in the trial had a relatively high rate of adverse thrombotic events, an issue which has led to recent regulatory controversy surrounding the drug.

Following recent trial data showing an increased risk of dangerous blood clots with ponatinib, which led the FDA to request that the manufacturer stop marketing the drug, the FDA’s European counterpart has adjusted its recommendations for ponatinib but has not changed its “positive opinion” that led to the approval.

Women with airborne allergies to plants, grass, and trees may have a moderate increased risk of developing blood cancers, according to a new study.

The FDA has approved ibrutinib (Imbruvica) for the treatment of patients with mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL), an aggressive and rare blood cancer.

Adult survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) suffer from persistent and significant neurocognitive deficits, according to a new study.

The sequential combination of gemtuzumab ozogamicin and standard chemotherapy offered no benefit in older patients with AML, and led to significant toxicities in those aged at least 70 years, according to results of a new study.

In the wake of reports that the drug ponatinib (Iclusig) can significantly increase risk of dangerous cardiovascular events, the FDA has asked the manufacturer to suspend sales and marketing of the drug in the United States.

An 8-year study in patients with intermediate- to high-risk non-Hodgkin lymphoma shows that an autologous transplant following induction chemotherapy improves survival in high-risk patients.

The FDA issued a safety alert and reports it is investigating a high rate of thrombosis and other cardiovascular events in patients taking ponatinib (Iclusig) for CML or Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL.

Patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma had high response rates and good long-term disease control with a chemotherapy regimen followed by consolidation reduced-dose whole-brain radiotherapy and cytarabine in a new phase II trial.

The role of transplant in MCL is in clinical evolution. Up-front high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant remains an attractive option for those with chemosensitive disease regardless of the induction regimen chosen, whereas this approach in the relapsed or refractory setting has not yielded long-term disease-free intervals.

This review will cover innovative therapeutic approaches in relapsed or refractory MCL, many of which have the potential to alter treatment paradigms toward the development of strategies that do not involve conventional chemotherapy agents.

A mutation of the PAX5 gene has been found to play an important role in inherited cases of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The mutation was isolated in two unrelated families with high propensity for B-ALL.

Gilead Sciences has submitted an NDA to the FDA for its new drug idelalisib, for the use in patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is refractory to rituximab and chemotherapy.

Evidence continues to mount that discontinuing imatinib treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase is safe. A new phase II Dutch and Belgian study showed only about two-thirds of patients relapsed after discontinuing treatment with imatinib and cytarabine, and all patients remained sensitive to imatinib after relapse.

MZL comprises three different entities that require integration of clinical and pathologic features to make a diagnosis. Treatment is chosen and initiated on the basis of presentation, symptoms, and underlying subtype.

The number of recently approved agents and those under investigation is promising. However, there are currently no recommendations regarding the optimal timing for use of these agents, a reflection of the lack of data in this area and the need for prospective studies.

In this article we briefly review the labeled indications for new agents for cutaneous and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, focus on data from the last 1 to 2 years, and on data from ongoing clinical trials, with the hope that in doing so we can help elucidate difficult treatment decisions.

A phase I study of dasatinib in children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and other malignancies determined dosing for further studies and suggested the drug is well tolerated and effective in these patients.

Maintenance therapy with rituximab showed some improvement over observation, though it did not reach significance, among older patients with advanced follicular lymphoma who responded to a brief chemoimmunotherapy induction regimen followed by rituximab consolidation therapy.

A phase I study showed that azacitidine priming followed by standard chemotherapy could be an effective approach to resistance in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

How often do we choose the “second best” treatment as initial therapy for our patients with cancer? The management of chronic myeloid leukemia should be no different.

I am very comfortable in using imatinib as initial therapy in most patients who present in chronic phase, with the possible exception of patients with more advanced disease and higher Sokal scores.

The present guidelines review epidemiology, pathology, presentation, workup, staging, prognostic factors, and treatment options for patients with localized nodal indolent lymphoma, with an emphasis on radiation guidelines, including radiation dose, field design, and radiation techniques.

A study from the Mayo Clinic/University of Iowa assessing the use of surveillance CT scans to detect DLBCL relapses found that the majority of relapses occurred outside of regularly scheduled visits and concluded that it is important to educate patients to be more alert to signs and symptoms of relapse.

Dr. Brian Link discusses challenges in managing very elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and looks ahead to future management of DLBCL in general.

Dr. Brian Link discusses clinical implications of the large Mayo Clinic/ University of Iowa study (ASCO abstract 8504) showing patient symptoms rather than scheduled surveillance imaging drove detection of relapses in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

In this interview, we discuss the current state of therapies available in treating CML patients and the role of newer agents.

The phase II portion of the GAUGUIN study found promising activity with the anti-CD20 antibody obinutuzumab in patients with relapsed or refractory indolent NHL.